AYURVEDIC PHARMACY (Bhaishajya-Kalpana)

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Item Code:	IDG212
Publisher:	Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan
Author:	Dr. Raghunandan Sharma Dr. Anil K. Mehta
Language:	English
Edition:	2005
ISBN:	8170842977
Pages:	380
Cover:	Hardcover
Other Details	9" X 6"

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Book Description

FOREWORD:

The knowledge of Ayurveda is now accepted throughout the world as a positive health science. The ancient Vaidika traditions cognised by Indian Acharyas offer a wealth of practical knowledge on how to live a healthy and meaningful life. Vaidika wisdom is timeless and unbounded and therefore it is relevant in this modern age.

Ayurvedic medicines are preferred instead of Allopathic medicines as it maintains the natural rhythm of the body on a mental, physical and spiritual level - leaving absolutely no side-effects. Ayurvedic medicine being not harmful, is furthermore not toxic or cruel in resting on animal.

Using Mother Nature's tools - in taking purely plant-based medicines, which are both eco-friendly and bio-friendly, is the most significant aspect of the system.

Different Kalpanas prepared from these herbs act on different systems with different mechanism of action on various diseases.

This book of Bhaishajya Kalpana includes the Good Manufacturing Practices (G.M.P. Rules), latest manufacturing techniques along with the descriptions of modern machinery and methods. The methods of collection and latest methods of taking out plant extracts and preservation of Ayurvedic medicines are explained in a very practical manner.

Prof. Hari Shankar Sharma
Ex. Dean and Head of Dept.
Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana
I.P.G.T.&R; Gujarat Ayurveda University
Jamanagar, Gujarat, India

CONTENTS

Foreword	(iii)
Preface	(v)
Acknowledgement	(x)
Chapter 1
History of Herbal Medicine
Ayurveda : The base of Modern Medicine	5
Folk Healing in Middle Age	7
The Gap in the Scientific Approach	8
Laboratory versus Nature	9
Herbs seen with Modern Eyes	9
Chapter 2
Basics of Bhaishajya Kalpana
Definition	15
Importance of Bhaishajya- kalpana	15
Commonly used terms in Bhaishajya Kalpana	17
Common Terms & Definitions in Dravyaguna (Pharmacology)	20
Bhavana	21
Modern Pharmacology	26
Chapter 3
Classification and Maintenance of Drugs
Classification of Drugs	28
Approaches to Evolving a Drug	30
Classification of dravyas according to Therapeutic Application	32
Fifty Important Decoctives	32
Action based Plant Grouping	37
Plants and Herbal Supplements used Commonly	40
Mishraka Guna (Mixed Classification of Drugs)	43
Morphologically Similar Groups	47
Qualitative Similar Drugs	49
Ecology of Drugs	50
Selection of Drugs	51
Collection of Drugs	52
-Method of Drug collection	53
-Specific Period of collection	53
-Veerya in Drug Procurement	55
-Consideration of Karma in Drug procurement	55
-Collection of Dietary Items	56
-Collection of Drugs of Animal Origin	56
Evaluation of Raw Materials	56
Preservation of Drugs	58
-Storage of Medicine	59
-Potency Period of the Drug	60
-Prevention of Fresh and Dried Drug Specimens	60
-Roles of Preservatives	61
Food Additives and Artificial Colours	61
Shelf Life	63
Chapter 4
Pharmacy
Bheshajagar	64
Equipments and Raw Drugs	65
Pharmacy Assistants	65
Steps before Production	65
Yantra (Apparatus)	67
-Dola yantra	67
-Khalva yantra	68
-Patana yantra	69
-Baluka yantra	71
-Puta yantra	72
Impurities of Dravyas and their Purification	74
Common Methods of Purification	75
Artificial Substances and Adulterants	78
Honey Adulteration	79
Chapter 5
Pharmacokinetics
Fate of a Drug	85
Time of Drug Administration	86
Concept of Chronopharma- cology	90
Chronobiology	90
Chronopharmacology	94
Channels of Administration	97
Ten Big Orifices	99
Posology of Dosage	101
Pharmacodynamics	104
The Six Rasas (Tastes)	105
Anupana (Vehicle)	106
Chapter 6
Pancha-Vidha Kashaya Kalpana
Yoni (Sources) of Kashay kalpana	110
Swarasa (juice)	111
Kalka (paste)	111
Kwatha (decoction)	112
Shita (cold infusion)	112
Phanta (Infusion)	113
Other Kalpanas	113
Chapter 7
Churna
Churna
General Method of Preparation	114
Characteristic and Preservation	114
Some of the Commonly Used Churna :
-Ashtanga lavana	115
-Katphaladi	115
-Gandhaka rasayana	116
-Dashana Samskar	116
-Dadimashtaka	117
-Naracha	117
-Panchakola	117
-Panchanimba	118
-Laghu Gangadhar	119
-Vidangadi	119
-Saraswata	119
-Sitopaladi	120
-Talisadi	120
-Hingvashtak	121
-Shivakshara pachan	121
-Lavanabhaskar	121
Validation of Ashwagandha Churna	122
Kwath Churna
Characteristic and Preservation	125
Some of the Commonly used Kwath Churna :
-Gojihvadi	126
-Trinapanchamula	127
-Triphala	127
-Dhanyapanchaka	127
-Nimbadi	127
-Pathyadi	128
-Phalatrikadi	128
-Mashabaladi	129
-Rasnasaptaka	129
-Varunadi	129
-Shvasahara	130
Standardisation of Kwath	130
Standardisation of Dashamula kashaya	132
Chapter 8
Vati & Guggulu
Vati or Gutika
Method of Preparation	136
Characteristics	136
Some of the Commonly used Vati or Gutika :
-Abhaya	137
-Arshoghni	138
-Kutajaghana	138
-Mahashankha	138
-Mahagandhaka	139
-Sarpagandhaghana	140
-Sarvatobhadra	140
-Chandraprabha	141
-Prabhakar	142
-Shukramatrika	142
-Shulavajrini	143
-Samshamani	144
-Sukhavirechana	144
-Billvadi	144
-Rajahpravartini	145
-Lavangadi	145
-Lashunadi	146
-Sanjivani	146
-Arogyavardhini	146
-Chitrakadi	147
-Vyoshadi	148
Guggulu
Method of Preparation	148
Characteristics and Preservations	149
Some of the Commonly used Guggulu:
-Panchamrita lauha	149
-Punarnava	150
-Yogaraja	150
-Kaishora	151
-Simhanada	152
-Triphala	153
Studies and References on Standardization of Ayurvedic Tablets	153
Chapter 9
Sneha Kalpana
Ghrita murchhana	158
Taila murchhana	158
Ghrita
General Method of Preparations	159
Characteristics and Preservations	160
Some of the Commonly used Ghrita:
-Kalyanaka	160
-Triphala	161
-Panchagavya	162
-Panchatikta	162
-Phala	163
-Brahmi	163
-Mahakalyanaka	164
-Mahatiktaka	165
-Arjuna	166
-Sukumara	167
-Changeri	168
Taila
Characteristics and Preservations	169
Some of the Commonly used Taila:
-Shatapaki kshirabala	170
-Pinda	170
-Dashamula	170
-Panchaguna	171
-Anu	172
-Mahanarayana	173
-Bhringaraj	175
-Kumkumadi	176
-Sahacharadi	177
-Karpasasthyadi	178
-Kshirabala	179
-Jatyadi	179
Standardization of Somarajee Taila	180
Standardization of Karpuradi Taila	183
Chapter 10
Sandhana Kalpana
Asava and Arishta	187
Method of preparation	187
Characteristic and Preservation	188
Some of the Commonly used Asava and Arishtas:
-Punarnavadyarishta	188
-Babbularishta	189
-Ashokarishta	190
-Dashamularishta	190
-Kutajarishta	192
-Khadirarishta	193
-Parthadyarishta	194
-Rohitakarishta	194
-Saraswatarishta	194
-Abhayarishta	195
-Amritarishta	196
-Ashwagandharishta	197
-Drakshasava	198
-Kumaryasava	199
-Lauhasava	200
-Vasakasava	201
-Kanakasava	201
-Chandanasava	202
-Sarivadyasava	203
Chapter 11
Avaleha
Method of Preparation	204
Characteristic & Preservation	205
Some of the Commonly used Avaleha:
-Chyavanprash	205
-Ashtangavaleha	207
-Kalyanakavaleha	207
-Vyaghriharitaki	208
-Ashwagandhavaleha	208
-Kantakaryavaleha	209
-Bilvadileha	209
-Vasavaleha	210
-Madhusnuhi rasayan	210
-Erandapaka	211
-Saubhagyashunthi	213
-Haridrakhanda	214
Chapter 12
Sattva (Extracts)
Guduchi Sattva	215
Extraction Methods	215
Liquid Extraction Process	216
Concentration Process	217
Distillation/Extraction	218
Cold Percolation	219
Agitation/Distillation	219
Super Critical Fluid Extraction	220
CO2 Extraction	220
Extracts Quality Control Methods
Analytical methods	223
Extract Drying Process	224
Adding Excipients	225
Freeze-drying Process	225
Herbal Oil Extracts	225
Chapter 13
Mishra Kalpana
Arka	228
-Pudinarka	229
-Yavanyarka	229
Lepa	229
-Dashanga lepa	230
-Rasnadi churna lepa	231
-Shothaghna lepa	231
Upanah Kalpana	232
Lavan Kalpana	232
Masi Kalpana	232
Anjan, Varti and Netra-bindu	233
Anna Kalpana	233
-Yusha	233
-Yavagu	234
-Mamsa rasa	235
-Veshavara	235
-Panaka	235
Takra	235
Kanjika	236
Ksheer paka	236
Extraction of Medicinal Principles with milk	236
Other Kalpanas of Sushruta	238
Herbal Contraceptive	242
Essential Oils	244
Essential Oils with their Uses	249
Chapter 14
Poisons as Medicine
Poisonous Plants as Medicine	256
Purification of Poisonous Plants	257
Details about some Visha Dravya	258
-Vatsanabha	258
-Vishatinduka	259
-Jayapala	261
-Dhatura	261
-Bhanga	262
-Bhallataka	263
-Gunja	264
Effect of Purification on the Toxicity of Abrus precatorius	264
Rasa-Uparas Poisoning	266
Scheduling of Drugs & Poisons in Australia	268
Chapter 15
Heavy Metals and Contamination
Heavy Metals and Environment	273
Metals in the Environment	274
-Mercury	274
-Cadmium	275
-Lead	276
-Selenium	276
Surrounding environment influences metal uptake	277
Metals can transfer and accumulate in the body	277
Trace Element Analysis of Some Copper Containing Herbs	279
Drug Toxicity	280
Chemicals for the Betterment of Herbs	282
Chapter 16
Rasashastra
Rasa yoga	287
Parpati	287
Kupipakva	287
Lauha	288
Bhasma	288
Standardisation of Praval Bhasma	289
Chapter 17
Medicinal Herbs as Cosmetics
Common Herbs used as Cosmetics	294
Skin Care	294
Care of Eyes	298
Hair Care	299
Chapter 18
Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) in Pharmacentical Production
GMP Requirements: At a Glance	304
Schedule-T (GMP for ISM Drugs)	308
GMP Practices:
-Infrastructural Requirements	310
-Working Space	314
-Storage Area	316
-Machinery and Equipments	316
-Health and Hygiene	317
-Documentation and Records	318
Labeling, Packing and Limit of Alcohol in Ayurvedic or Unani Drugs	319
Capsules and Tablets	321
Encapsulation Technology	321
Capsule Functions	322
Capsule Contents	323
Proper Humidity Control	323
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)	324
Standardization
-Phytochemical Section	326
-Microbiological Section	326
-Recommended Procedures	327
-Preparation of Samples	327
-Apparatus	328
-Method	328
ISO Standardisation	330
Patenting	331
Non-provisional Utility Patent	333
Application data sheet	335
Title of invention	336
Claim	339
Declaration	340
USPTO Receipt	342
Requirements	344
Patent & Trade mark depository library program	354
Chapter 19
Ayurvedic Remedies for Common Diseases
Women's Diseases
Leucorrhoea	355
Uterine Fibroids	355
Ovarian Cysts	356
Menopausal Syndrome	356
Sterility	357
Men's Diseases
Infertility	357
Erectile Dysfunction	358
Premature Ejaculation	359
Prostate Enlargement	359
Child's Diseases
Abdominal pain	360
Acute Diarrhoea	361
Allergies	361
Nephrotic Syndrome	361
Common Disease
Hepatitis	362
Psoriasis	363
Ulcerative Colitis	364
Depression	365
Parkinson's Disease	366
Thyroid Dysfunction	367
Obesity	369
Diabetes Mellitus	369
Heart Disease	370
Osteoarthritis	371
Hyperacidity	371
Word Index	373

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