Item Code: IDH130by Qeyamuddin AhmadPaperback (Edition: 2008)National Book Trust, India ISBN 9788123702896 Size: 8.4" X 5.4" Pages: 338 Weight of the Book: 435 gms |
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Al-Biruni, celebrated mathematician and astronomer, came to India in the wake of the invading forces of Mahmud of Ghazni in the eleventh century. His enquiry into India, popularly known in its original Arabic version as Tarikhu'l Hind, is erudite and, as a historic chronicle of its kind, a classic. There is much in this chronicle that reads like fiction, while being at the same time an objective record of the history, character, manners and customs of India of that time.
Sachau's well-known English translation of the classic has been used in this publication, but edited specially for a large and popular readership.
About the Author
Quyamuddin Ahmad (b. 1930), the editor of this volume, did his M.A. in 1950 and Ph. D. in 1962 from the Patna University where he has been teaching history since 1964.he has made a special study of medieval Indian history and of the Indo-Muslim society in the nineteenth century. Among his publications are three books, The Wahabi Movement in India (1966), Corpus of Arabic and Persian Inscriptions of Bihar (A.H. 640-1200)(1973) and Mazharul Haque (1976) and large number of articles on various aspects of medieval and modern Indian history. He has contributed several articles in the Encyclopaedia Iranica (New York,USA) and is the Associate Editor of Comprehensive History of Bihar, Volume II, Part I (1983) and Part II (1986)
| Editor's Introduction | xv |
| List of Greek Words in the Text | xxxiii |
| Preface | 3 |
| CHAPTER I | |
| On the Hindus In General, As An Introduction To Our Account Of Them | 7 |
| CHAPTER II | |
| On The Belief Of The Hindus In God | 13 |
| CHAPTER III | |
| On The Bindu Belief As To Created Things, both "Intelligibilia" And "Sensibilia" | 16 |
| CHAPTER IV | |
| From what Cause Action Originates, And How The Soul In Connected With Matter | 22 |
| CHAPTER V | |
| On The State Of the Souls, And Their Migrations Through The World In The Metempsychosis | 25 |
| CHAPTER VI | |
| On The Different Worlds, And On The Places of Retribution In Paradise and Hell | 28 |
| CHAPTER VII | |
| On The Nature Of Liberation From The World, And On The Path Leading Thereto | 32 |
| CHAPTER VIII | |
| On The Different Classes of Created Beings, And On Their Names | |
| CHAPTER IX | |
| On The Castes, Called "Colours" (Varma), And On The Classes Below Them | |
| CHAPTER X | |
| On The Source of Their Religious And Civil Law, On Prophets, And On The Question Whether Single Laws Can Be Abrogated Or Not | 48 |
| CHAPTER XI | |
| About The Beginning Of Idol-Worship, And A Description Of The Individual Idols | |
| CHAPTER XII | |
| On The Veda, The Puranas, And Other Kinds Of Their National Literature | 57 |
| CHAPTER XIII | |
| Their Grammatical And Metrical Literature | 63 |
| CHAPTER XIV | |
| Hindu Literature In The Other Sciences, Astronomy, Astrology, Etc. | |
| CHAPTER XV | |
| Notes On Hindu Metrology, Intended To Facilitate The Understanding Of All Of Measurements Which Occur In This Book | 75 |
| CHAPTER XVI | |
| Notes On The Writing Of The Hindus, On Their Arithmetic And Related Subjects, And On Certain Strange Manners And Customs Of Theirs | 79 |
| CHAPTER XVII | |
| On Hindu Sciences Which Prey On The Ignorance Of People | 89 |
| CHAPTER XVIII | |
| Various Notes On Their Country, Their Rives, And Their Ocean. Itineraries Of The Distances Between Their Several Kingdoms, And Between The Boundaries Of Their Country | |
| CHAPTER XIX | |
| On The Names Of The Planets, The Signs Of The Zodiac, The Lunar Stations, And Related Subjects | 103 |
| CHAPTER XX | |
| On The Brahmanda | 107 |
| CHAPTER XXI | |
| Descriptions Of Earth And Heaven According To The Religious Views Of The Hindus, Based Upon Their Traditional Literature | 109 |
| CHAPTER XXII | |
| Traditions Relating To The Pole | 114 |
| CHAPTER XXIII | |
| On Mount Meru According To The Belief Of The Authors Of The Puranas And Of Others | 116 |
| CHAPTER XXIV | |
| Traditions Of The Puranas Regarding Each Of The Seven Dvipas | 118 |
| CHAPTER XXV | |
| On The River Of India, Their Sources And Courses | 121 |
| CHAPTER XXVI | |
| On The Shape Of Heaven And Earth According To The Hindu Astronomers | 125 |
| CHAPTER XXVII | |
| On The First Two Motions Of The Universe (That From East To West According To Ancient Astronomers And The Precession Of The Equinoxes), Both According To Hindu Astronomers And The Authors Of The Puranas | 130 |
| CHAPTER XXVIII | |
| On The Definition Of The Ten Directions | 132 |
| CHAPTER XXIX | |
| Definition Of The Inhabitable Earth According To The Hindus | 134 |
| CHAPTER XXX | |
| On Lanka, Or The Cupola Of The Earth | 139 |
| CHAPTER XXXI | |
| On That Difference Of Various Places Which We Call The Difference Of Longitude | 142 |
| CHAPTER XXXII | |
| On The Notions Of Duration And Time In General, And On The Creation Of The World And Its Destruction | 144 |
| CHAPTER XXXIII | |
| On The Various Kinds Of The Day Or Nychthemeron, And On Day And Night In Particular | 150 |
| CHAPTER XXXIV | |
| On The Division Of The Nychthemeron Into Minor Particles Of Time | 154 |
| CHAPTER XXXV | |
| On The Different Kinds Of Months And Years | 159 |
| CHAPTER XXXVI | |
| On The Four Measures Of Time Called Mana | 162 |
| CHAPTER XXXVII | |
| On The Parts Of The Month And The Year | 164 |
| CHAPTER XXXVIII | |
| On The Various Measures Of Time Composed Of Days, The Life Of Brahman Included | 166 |
| CHAPTER XXXIX | |
| On Measures Of Time Which Are Larger Than The Life Of Brahman | 168 |
| CHAPTER XL | |
| On The Samdhi, The Interval Between Two Periods Of Time, Forming The Connecting Link Between Them | 169 |
| CHAPTER XLI | |
| Definition Of The Terms "Kalpa" And "Caturyuga", And An Explication Of The One By The Other | 171 |
| CHAPTER XLII | |
| On The Division Of The Caturyuga Into Yugas, And The Different Opinions Regarding The Latter | 173 |
| CHAPTER XLIII | |
| A Description Of The Four Yuga, And Of All That Is Expected To Take Place At The End The Fourth Yuga | 175 |
| CHAPTER XLIV | |
| On The Magavantaras | 179 |
| CHAPTER XLV | |
| On The Constellation Of The Great Bear | 180 |
| CHAPTER XLVI | |
| On Narayana, His Appearance At Different Times, And His Names | 182 |
| CHAPTER XLVI | |
| On Vasudeva And The Wars Of The Bharata | 184 |
| CHAPTER XLVIII | |
| An Explanation Of The Measure Of An Akshauhini | 87 |
| CHAPTER XLIX | |
| A Summary Description Of The Ears | 189 |
| CHAPTER L | |
| How Many Star-Cycles There Are Both In A "Kalpa" And In A "Caturyuga" | 195 |
| CHAPTER LI | |
| An Explanation Of The Terms "Adhimasa", "Unaratra", And The "Aharganas", As Representing Different Sums Of Days | 197 |
| CHAPTER LII | |
| On The Calculation Of "Ahargana" In General, That Is, The Resolution Of Years and Months Into Days, And, Vice Versa, The Composition Of Years And Months Out Of Days | 200 |
| LIII | |
| On The Ahargana, Or The Resolution Of Years Into Months, According To Special Rules Which Are Adopted In The Calendars For Certain Dates Or Moments Of Time | 202 |
| CHAPTER LIV | |
| On The Computation Of The Mean Places Of The Planets | 203 |
| CHAPTER LV | |
| On The Order Of The Planets, Their Distances And | 205 |
| CHAPTER LVI | |
| On The Station Of The Moon | 208 |
| CHAPTER LVIII | |
| How Ebb And Flow Follow Each Other In The Ocean | 213 |
| CHAPTER LIX | |
| On The solar And Lunar Eclipses | 216 |
| CHAPTER LX | |
| On The Parvan | 219 |
| CHAPTER LXI | |
| On The Dominats Of The Different Measures Of Time In Both Religious And Astronomical Relation, And On Connected Subjects | 220 |
| CHAPTER LXII | |
| On The Sixty Years-Samvatsara, Also Called "Shashtyabha" | 221 |
| CHAPTER LXIII | |
| On That Which Especially Concerns The Brahmans, And What They Are Obliged To Do During Their Whole Life | 223 |
| CHAPTER LXIV | |
| On The Rites And Customs Which The Other Castes, Besides the Brahmans, Practise During Their Lifetime | 228 |
| CHAPTER LXV | |
| On The Sacrifices | 230 |
| CHAPTER LXVI | |
| On Pilgimage And The Visiting Of Sacred Places | 232 |
| CHAPTER LXVII | |
| On Alms, And How A Man Must Spend What He Earns | 235 |
| CHAPTER LXVIII | |
| On What Is Allowed Forbidden In Eating And Drinking | 237 |
| CHAPTER LXIX | |
| On Matrimony The Menstrual Courses, Embryos, And Childbed | 239 |
| CHAPTER LXX | |
| On Lawsuits | 243 |
| CHAPTER LXXI | |
| On Punishments And Expiations | 245 |
| CHAPTER LXXII | |
| On Inheritance And What Claim The Deceased Person Has On It | 248 |
| CHAPTER LXXIII | |
| About What Is Due To The Bodies Of The Dead and Of The Living (i.e. About Burying And Suicide) | 251 |
| CHAPTER LXXIV | |
| On Fasting, And The Various Kinds Of It | 254 |
| CHAPTER LXXV | |
| On The Determination Of The Fast-Days | 256 |
| CHAPTER LXXVI | |
| On The Festivals And Festive Days | 258 |
| CHAPTER LXXVII | |
| On Days Which Are Held In Special Veneration, On Lucky And Unlucky Times, And On Such Times As Are Particulary Favourable For Acquiring In Them Bliss In Heaven | 263 |
| CHAPTER OXXVIII | |
| On The Karanas | 266 |
| CHAPTER LXXIX | |
| On The Yogas | 268 |
| CHAPTER LXXX | |
| On The Introductory Principles Of Hindu Astrology, With A Short Description Of Their Methods Of Astrological Calculations | 269 |
| Select References | 275 |
| Notes | 277 |
| Index | 291 |