Two of India's most glorious dynasties, the Mauryas (321-185 BCE) and the Guptas (320 to 550 CE) flourished in the ancient Bihar region, which was then known as Magadh. The Great King Ashoka (born 304 BCE, died 232 BCE) of the Mauryan dynasty, whose empire spread across South Asia. He had his capital in Pataliputra that is present Patna. The Gupta period, termed as India's golden age was also based in Magadh and Pataliputra as its capital. Nalanda and Vikramshila were centres of learning established in the 5th and 8th century respectively in Bihar, and are regarded amongst the oldest and international universities, where students from across the world came to study. It is in Bihar that the world's first democracy was in governance by the Lichchavi (the present Vaishali).
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