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Conservation of Ancient Bronzes (A Novel Approach)

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Conservation of Ancient Bronzes (A Novel Approach)

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Specifications

	Publisher: National Museum, New Delhi
	Author U. S. Lal
	Language: English
	Pages: 90 Color Illustrations
	Cover: PAPERBACK
	9x7 inch
	Weight 290 gm
	Edition: 2018
	HCC612

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Book Description

About the Book Since the beginning of the usage of human tool and the development of metallurgy very few metals have been utilized. The metals of history (iron, tin, copper, lead, silver, and gold) are those which were recognized and intentionally used with consistent regularity to manufacture monies, tools, weapons, ornaments, and other paraphernalia. The copper metal was used individually, and also in combination with the others (including zine and tin) to form more serviceable alloys, such as bronze, and brass. Fresh from manufacture, the various metals and their alloys, except gold, react with their environment and begin a corrosion process that converts them to more stable compounds. This handbook deals mainly with the study of deterioration of copper alloys and their conservation. It is a brief but comprehensive study regarding antiquities made up of copper and its alloys, which includes in the first part: the metallurgy of copper, the contents like history about the use of copper by human being. extraction of copper, the study of copper ores and castings technology. The second part describes deterioration which includes study about the mechanism of corrosion, factors of corrosion, types of corrosion and corrosion product, patination, bronze disease (serious chloride infection), and other incrustations. Part three is about the remedial conservation of copper and its alloys which contains ethics and principles of conservation, methods of cleaning i.e. removal of incrustations by mechanical, chemical and electrochemical methods and their merits and demerits, inhibition, stabilization and protective coatings. Lastly, part four gives brief account of preventive conservation which discusses environment control, handling, accessioning the numbers, packing, display and storage, case study, conclusion and bibliography.

About the Authors Dr. Uma Shankar Lal did M.Sc. (chemistry) and PhD in Electro-analytical chemistry from University of Allahabad. He joined Indian Bureau of Mines, Nagpur in 1981 and shifted to NRLC, Lucknow in 1986. Dr. Lal has published more than 60 research papers in national and International journal of repute. He is author of a book entitled "Ancient Bronzes-Metallurgy and Conservation". He has been UNESCO fellow and visited Rome and Netherland. His research interest are conservation and scientific examination of metals, development of new analytical techniques for identification of corrosion products, air pollution studies. He has been Head of Department of Analytical Division, NRLC till his retirement (in 2014) presently Dr. Lal is a visiting faculty in National Museum Institute, New Delhi. Dr. Manager Rajdeo Singh is presently working as professor and head, Department of Conservation, National Museum Institute, Janpath, New Delhi-110011. He has worked for 37 years in various capacity in other central government organization and retired on 31.12.2015 as Superintending Archaeological Chemist, Archaeological Survey of India, Science branch, Aurangabad. He has authored around 80 papers published in various international/national journals on various topics of archaeological conservation. He has also authored five books published by international/ national publishers. He was associated with the conservation of Cave murals of Ajanta/Ellora, Goa Churches and monuments of Maharashtra and Goa for a long time.

Foreword The scientific conservation of antiquities/artworks is contained in scattered literature which is not easily accessible. The present book titled "Conservation of Ancient Bronzes: A Novel Approach" authored by Dr U.S. Lal and Dr M. Singh is a significant effort towards practical approach of conservation of ancient bronzes corroded in different climatic zones. The hand book provides a concise information on modern methodologies practiced in the field of treatment of ancient bronzes besides giving brief about corrosion and manufacturing techniques. I am sure this publication by the National Museum Institute, New Delhi will provide all the relevant information to the students of conservation and will be novice for curative conservation. Further, the book will be of immense value to museum conservators, curators and conservation scientists bestowed with the responsibilities of conservation of bronze antiquities. Some case studies described in the hand book will provide a very practical approach to the conservators.

Preface This book presents an authenticated practical study on varied types of problems experienced on the conservation of copper antiquities. The methodology suggested for the execution of conservation works of copper antiquities are those practically carried in the laboratory. Since the process of conservation differ and exclusively depend on the type of corrosion products encountered on copper objects, the book will be very useful to students, conservators and researchers working in the field of metal antiquities. The book will also be useful to conservation students and museum professionals engaged in similar works. The authors are thankful to the Vice-chancellor, National Museum Institute, New Delhi for his interest in this work and according permission to print the book as NMI publication. The authors are also thankful to the Director, Dean and Registrar of National Museum Institute for giving their whole-heartedly support for the publication of this book. I am particularly thankful to Shri Bhushan Dighe, Research Scholar for his tireless work in shaping the book and without his help; it was difficult to complete the book. The authors are specifically thankful to Shri Bijju Thankappan for taking particular interest for its publication. We are heartily thankful to my colleagues from the Department of Conservation, NMI Dr. Aditya Kanth, Ms. Anjali Sharma, Mr. Sanjeev Singh, Ms. Meenakshi Singh, Ms. Rekha Biju for extending their help for this project.

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