In 1957, the Banaras Hindu University made a modest beginning in archaeological field when a small-scale excavation was conducted at the ancient mound of Rajghat on the northern outskirts of the present city of Varanasi. This monograph sets out the results of the excavation conducted at the ancient settlement of Varanasi. Kashi has the rare distinction of being one of the most ancient living cities of the world. The excavations have brought to light the vestiges of continuous human habitation for nearly three millennia. The archaeological evidences show that the Ganga and the Barna offered a hospitable reception to the earliest settlers from the pre-Buddhist times down to the present day and confirm the history of Varanasi known from the literary sources. I hope the Department of Ancient Indian History, Culture & Archaeology will continue to conduct further excavations so that India's glorious past may be revealed to the world.
The present monograph is devoted exclusively to the report on the cuttings, their stratification and structures. The excavations at Rajghat were carried out by the Department in. the year 1957-58 and between the years 1960 and 1969. Initially it was intended to publish this work of several years into one volume. This could not be done due to several unavoidable reasons. As many of the chapters were ready quite some time back, we felt anxious that the results of this important excavation should be published in the form of self-contained monographs incorporating the different aspects of findings of the excavation. We concede that this is not the most ideal solution but apprehending that there might be a delay in publishing the entire report in one or two volumes, we have thought of the present alternative. We accordingly seek the indulgence of the readers.
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