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The Panjab as a Sovereign State 1799- 1839 (An Old and Rare Book)

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The Panjab as a Sovereign State 1799- 1839 (An Old and Rare Book)

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Thesis Approved of Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of London

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Specifications

	Publisher: Vishveshvaranand Vedic Research Institute, Hoshiarpur
	Author Gulshan Lall Chopra
	Language: English
	Pages: 232
	Cover: HARDCOVER
	10x7 inch
	Weight 540 gm
	Edition: 1975
	HBY072

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Book Description

Foreword Dr. Chopra's work is a thesis produced by him for the Ph.D. Degree of the London University. It is an exhaustive study of the reign of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, his court, his army and his policy. The period must always be one of great interest to the student of Indian History. The rapidity with which the Sikh monarchy was built up and the equal rapidity with which it disintegrated on the death of the Maharaja are strangely dramatic. This latter period, which is not covered by Dr. Chopra's thesis, has been dealt with, exhaustively, by Mr. Grey in his "Great Anarchy in the Panjab." One peculiar feature of Ranjit Singh's reign was the employment of European adventurers-civil and military-on a far larger scale than in any other Indian monarchy hitherto. Dr. Chopra's list of such runs up to fifty-four. The recent investigations, conducted by Mr. Grey and myself, bring up the total to nearly seventy. They were of all nationalities and of all classes of society. At one end of the scale are to be found refined and well-educated soldiers like Court or Allard, at the other drunken deserters from the ranks such as Michael O'Brian or that prince of liars, Alexander Gardner. The latter deliberately state the adventures of other men and passed them off as his own, and was so plausible in his narrative that he completely deceived a number of people-including his biographer. Harlan, the American doctor, another of Dr. Chopra's list, produced a volume of his adventures which is not only far from truth but so wildly improbable as to make one doubt his sanity. Dr. Chopra's work was done in England and is based upon original and unpublished documents preserved at the India office and the British Museum libraries and not to be found in India, particularly, the very copious mass of material codified in the Political Consultations. It is regrettable that at this time the Record office in Lahore had not been reorganised and its contents. made more accessible. It is however hoped that Dr. Chopra will now be able to supplement the valuable and interesting work he has already achieved by even more material of a primary nature from the Record Office of the Panjab Government.

Preface The historical material upon which the following thesis is based may be divided into four sections, as arranged in the Bibliography. The first section comprises a number of Persian manuscripts, of which short descriptions are given in the catalogues of the various libraries where they are lodged. I find, however, that these descriptions are not, in all cases, correct. The catalogues sometimes give the title inaccurately and sometimes omit the author's name. For example, the title of manuscript No. 4 of my Bibliography is described in Rieu's catalogue of the British Museum as "A History of the Sikhs from their origin to A. D. 1811," and the name of the author is not mentioned. A perusal of the volume, however, shows that the real title is Kitab-e-Tawarikh-e-Panjab, and that its author is Khushwaqt Rai, once the Company's news-writer at Lahore. A study of Sohan Lal's Tawarikh-e-Ranjit Singh shows that the author called it Umdat-ut-Tawarikh (C. 199), the title which he applied to his enlarged work, written subsequently, and published by his son in 1834, Again, in the first folio of the Tawarikh-i-Mulk-e-Hazara it is wrongly described as Tawarikh-e-Jamun, whereas it is a history of Hazara and the adjoining districts on the frontier, and not of Jamun. The Persian material is almost all in the form of chronicles. The most important of these manuscripts is Tawarikh-e-Ranjit Singh by Sohan Lal. He was a court chronicler of Ranjit Singh for several years, and was intimately acquainted with the activities of the Darbar at Lahore. His work is the most exhaustive and elaborate narrative of the events of the Maharaja's reign, and is the greatest storehouse of information. The facts are recorded in chronological order, the volume containing over five hundred folios. The copy 1 have used is the one given to Captain Wade, the British Political Assistant at Ludhiana in 1831, by Ranjit Singh himself.

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