You have already gone through Module-2 which focussed on the skills and process of counselling in a one-to-one relationship to deal with normal day-to-day problems of educational, personal-social nature.
Based on the concept that guidance and counselling are needed by all, this module discusses strategies to provide counselling to as many students as possible in small and large groups. Unit 1 of this module discusses one such strategy known as group counselling which has emerged as a popular therapeutic technique to meet the immediate needs and concerns common to a group of students. The skills of the counsellor lie in empowering the group to use its own resources for problem solving.
Counselling is generally understood as a therapeutic strategy to deal with issues and concerns of emotional and social nature. Career counselling has emerged as a specialised intervention to help clients deal with career choice related issues. In a fast growing and competitive world, such interventions can help in facilitating self and occupational awareness, exploring opportunities, developing career planning skills and making career related decisions etc. Unit 2 on 'Career Counselling addresses issues related to helping students develop career planning and career management skills.
In view of limited time and resources and scarcity of fully trained counsellors, training peer group to perform some counselling functions is another viable strategy to fulfill counselling needs of large number of students. Unit 3 on 'Peer Counselling' provides guidelines to train peer helpers in schools.
Unit 4 on 'Alternative Therapies' provides an insight into age old healing practices originating from Asian Eastern cultures which are still being practiced successfully and can be utilised for counselling students in schools who have faith in such traditions.
Unit 5 is a special section on 'Counselling in Crisis Situations' as the counsellor requires additional skills to deal with a person in crisis. Most counselling situations require the counsellor to focus on first building a relationship with a client but here dealing with a crisis becomes the primary preoccupation to prevent the client from harming his/her own self or others. This unit has four sections, in some situations, source of crisis is external such as child abuse, HIV/AIDS and in others, it is internal such as attempted suicide, drug abuse etc. The contents under each section present some preventive and rehabilitative measures which can be introduced right from school stage.
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