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The History and Culture of Science in Bharata- Indian Knowledge Systems (Set of 2 Volumes)

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Specifications
Publisher: GARUDA PRAKASHAN PVT. LTD.
Author Bhag Chand Chauhan
Language: English
Pages: 937 (B/W Illustrations)
Cover: PAPERBACK
9.00x6.00 inch
Weight 1.13 kg
Edition: 2024
ISBN: 9798885751513
HCH597
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Book Description
Foreword

In the yore, Bharatabhumi has been widely popular as the land of I truth seekers, and the 'welcome home for whosoever was intellectual and knowledgeable. This fact has been accorded by the fame of the ancient learning centres eg. Takshshila and Nalanda, and the accounts of a number of scholars eg. Greek and Chinese travellers. In Bharata, an intellectual person was honored like anything. The Knowledge (Jnana), Wisdom (Pragya), and Truth (Satya) were the highest pursuits of human life. Bharata valued the complete freedom of speech, thought and that too at a time when the West could never had even imagined of.

Since the time immemorial, Bharata has been continuously aspiring for knowledge, doing science and practicing technology in various spheres of life. Many ancient and medieval scholars of Arabia, Spain, China, and Greek loudly acknowledged their indebtedness to Bharatiya contribution to the foundation of science. Famous French astronomer Jean Sylvan Bailly praised the accuracy of astronomy created by ancient Bharatiya that is far superior to that of the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and the Jews.

In the development of modern linguistics, Panini's work 'Astadhyayi showed the path through the efforts of scholars such as Franz Bopp, Ferdinand de Saussuare, Roman Jacobson, and Leonard Bloomfield. The Astadhyayi ī is a book, which has highly scientific approach to grammar and linguistics. The structure of grammar contains a meta-language, meta-rules, and other technical procedures that make the system effectively equivalent to a powerful computing machine.

Furthermore, the computer scientists like Rick Briggs (NASA), and many others are considering the Samskrta as a valuable tool for designing computer languages. There are many such examples in the history, which support the supremacy of knowledge, logic and experimentation in the Bharatiya tradition and culture.

Unfortunately, at present, we lacked in this kind of temperament, just because of a long disconnect from our roots, and not being aware of our strengths through the distorted history that is being taught to us.

Due to the lack of patronage for Samskrta language, the misinterpreted and uncorrelated information received from various corners pushed the legitimacy of scientific edifice of Bharata onto the dock. This issue was highlighted and ultimately led the academia and protagonists into continuous debates and discussions, which unfortunately continue till today.

As such, there is a dire need of creating such an environment in the academia and society where all such issues will be clearly addressed and students will be connected with this great Bharatīya knowledge system and wonderful cultural legacy. To fill the gap, today, we are in a need of experts from various fields of science and computer who know Samskrta language also. To nurture the nation-pride and self-esteem in our young generation, and generations to come, National Education Policy (NEP-2020) has created an ample space in the curriculum that would strongly advocate all such foundational changes in the education system, which are truely Bharatiya in essence and spirit.

Preface

The historians are of the viewpoint that up to the 15th century the 1 Europe Europe was struggling in the dark age'. There was hardly any light of knowledge like science, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and technology, etc. in Europe. Long back in time there was some enlightenment in a limited part of Europe, i.e. in Greek, but just for a short period from 6th century BCE to a few centuries. This period is also known as the first awakening of Europe. Thus, the reappearance of the knowledge took place in the 16th century, which is popularly known as called 'the renaissance'.

It is well acknowledged that the modern scientific paradigm was originated in Europe, and thereafter spread all over the world. As such, a false notion has been evolved that it was so-called 'the West, which taught science, mathematics, and all kinds of knowledge to the entire world. The Europeans taught us science and everything including philosophy, psychology, economics, and polity, etc.

About Bharata, many western scholars have a mindset that the Bharatīya have a lack of scientific bent of mind and live in superstitions. They live more in religious activities and daily rituals than in the scientific disposition. That is not true! The sacred ancient text "The Bhagvad Gita' e.g. in Chapters 3, 6, 7, 9, 13 reveals a natural association between the knowledge (jnana) and science (vi-jnana). Adī Sankra, in his commentary on the Gita (3.41 and 8.6), explains knowledge of things as taught in the scriptures is 'jnana', while the realization of things with own experience is 'vijnana.

In the words of Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen:

To see Bharata as overwhelmingly religious, or deeply anti-scientific, or exclusively hierarchical, or fundamentally unskeptical would be the significant oversimplification of Bharatiya past and present. Bharata has a long tradition of heterodoxy, openness, and reasoned discourse.

Unfortunately, some western scholars fabricated a false propaganda that Bharatiya were uncivilized and savages before the Britishers entered into the land. A big hoax has been fabricated as the 'Aryan Invasion Theory, which will be discussed in the book. Certainly, they underestimate the Bharatiya contribution to the scientific progress of the world. As such, their attitude was phony, deceptive, and completely fallacious having a colonial prejudice.

The latest example of this vested humbug colonial mindset is that of invention of wireless radio communication by a Bharatīya scientist, Jagdish Candra Basu. In fact, he made the first public demonstration of radio waves for the use of communication. He first demonstrated the use of radio communication in Calcutta, in 1895, i.e. two years before a similar demonstration by Guglielmo Marconi in England. The fact has also been published in the Daily Chronicle of England in 1896 as:

The inventor (J.C. Basu) has transmitted signals to a distance of nearly a mile and herein lies the first and obvious and exceedingly valuable application of this new theoretical marvel.

It is remarkable to note that Marconi has been credited as the invent of wireless radio communication, and subsequently he was award the Nobel Prize in Physics for this contributions in 1909 CE.

The pioneering work of J. C. Basu, although credited to Marc set the foundation of the technology used in entire communica system and the countless other applications that play a central today in our daily lives.

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