This book is based on major policies and initiatives taken by the current government to achieve inclusive growth and development for the marginal section of society. The government of India has started various policies for more inclusive development. In the present study, we have included some policies of the union government such as Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana, Public Distribution System, Pradhan Mantri Gareeb Kalyan Anna Yojana, Swachh Bharat Yojana, Din Dayal Gramin Vidutikaran Yojana, Jal Jeevan Mission, Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana and Ujjwala Yojana that is directly related to marginalised section of society.
This book is an outcome of an initiative of the Ministry of Education, Government of India under the theme of "Creating Intellectual Heritage: Development, Knowledge Resource and Making New India" a dialogue, documentation, and research program. It is a development and governance-related knowledge program. This book is titled "Policies for the Poor and Marginal: A Study of Garib Kalyan Schemes in India". It has tried to capture the impact of several policies and initiatives taken by the union government on common people, society, the economy, education, etc. through the lens of an academic perspective. It has been a great success over the years in terms of policies and their implementation. It has created a space for a common citizen to involve, benefit from, and participate in governance.
Govind Ballabh Pant Social Science Institute, Prayagraj is the nodal institute to Study the "Policies for the Poor and Marginal: A Study of Garib Kalyan Schemes" in India. It has coordinated with various researchers and academicians to write chapters on different dimensions of Policies for the Poor and Marginal such as economics, political scientist, sociologist, and historian, etc. The contributors of the chapters also have diversity in terms of their experience, subject knowledge, universities, and the region. Faculties of various Central, State Universities and Research Institutes are involved with this project. The book is finally completed after a series of events and activities organized by the institute.
The volume is edited by Prof. Badri Narayan, Director, and Dr. Manik Kumar, Assistant Professor of Govind Ballabh Pant Social Science Institute, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. Other contributors are Dr. Rekha Gupta, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of Allahabad; Dr. Puja Pal, Dr. Subhash Kumar, Dr. Samanta Sahu, and Dr. Archana Singh from Govind Ballabh Pant Social Science Institute, Prayagraj; Prof. Ripu Sudan Singh and Shikha Ojha from Ambedkar University, Lucknow; Prof. D. R. Sahu from Lucknow University.
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Ministry of Education, Government of India for allowing the institute to bring out academic discourse on Gareeb Kalyan Yojana. We are also thankful to the Ministry of Rural Development, Gol for their valuable support. We extend our special thanks to Prime Minister's Office for the information on Mann Ki Baat and all other support required for the project. We also take this opportunity to thank all the contributors to different chapters in this book. Their willingness to write a chapter, participation in the brainstorming, and presentations, and timely submission of the chapters made the book ready on time. Without their support and cooperation, the book could not have been imagined. We are also thankful to Govind Ballabh Pant Social Science Institute, Prayagraj for providing us with all the infrastructure such as a computer lab, conference room, book, library, etc. for the successful completion of this volume of the book.
This volume is the outcome of collective revisioning and efforts made by academics and the governance structure of our country. India is moving fast on the path of development. Many developmental projects initiated by the Central government have been implemented and may have created a deep impact on society. These deep socio-developmental impacts need to be documented and evaluated. These evaluations of impacts may be assessed by the third side of Indian development which is academics.
This academic evaluation may not create a versus with the state but an interactive relationship with the state machinery that is engaged in this process of development. Universities in developing countries have multiple roles - teaching, learning, research and community engagements, as identified by education policy experts. However, another important role can be added to it - assisting the nation to address developmental challenges. One of the ways to do it is by producing relevant and impactful knowledge about ongoing development projects and social interventions. To play this role, universities, Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT), Indian Institutes of Management (IIM) and colleges across the country may need to work as a third eye to review and understand the development activities initiated and implemented by states and their impact on various segments of society.
In fact, in post-90s India, a new notion of development emerged. The introduction of a liberal economy has changed our society drastically, but we don't have vivid documentation of these changes in the domain of knowledge. After 2014, under the leadership of PM Narendra Modi, a new aspirational India is taking shape, but we have not yet started systematic documentation of the making of 'New India', as explained by the Bharatiya Janata Party-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government.
In just a few years, the government led thousands of development schemes, including infrastructure projects, Garib Kalyan schemes, Ujjwala scheme, distribution of free ration, pension, and various capacity-building schemes around culture and tourism, creating a deep social impact by impacting a huge group of beneficiaries. These socio-developmental impacts have evolved a huge group of beneficiaries in India, which is developing as a beneficiary community with a particular kind of aspirational and developmental consciousness. It is interesting to observe that this particular kind of beneficiary consciousness works beyond caste, community and religion.
This volume focuses on understanding various kinds of transformational impacts of the Garib Kalan schemes in our society. It tries to document how these policies have created deep transformational impacts on the life of poor and marginal communities in our society.
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