Rural sector is the most pre-dominant feature in the econo-mic structure of India and the economics of rural India has therefore to be understood in terms of real situation prevalent in the countryside. According to the latest census of 1981 more than 80 per cent people live in villages. Agriculture continues to be the main source of income and its contribution in the national economy is almost fifty per cent. Understanding the economy of a country, it is understanding the economy of the rural poor. Agriculture being the main source of livelihood of the poor it is necessary to know its economics. Agricultural eco-nomy thus helps find means to eradicate poverty and bring the poor above the poverty line. Agricultural development how-ever, can be achieved by increasing productivity in agriculture which in turn can be achieved by extensive use of improved technology and adequate capital resources. The government in consultation with financing institutions has taken adequate measures to improve the rural and those engaged in agriculture. For quite a long time the banking indus-try of the country remained immune to the financial require-ments of the people of rural areas. The urban oriented bank staff never identified the needs of the majority of the people. A major breakthrough was seen in banking industry in 1969 with the nationalisation of 14 banks. The banks started participating in the implementation of the plans aimed at the development of rural areas and provided effective and adequate support to the agriculture sector. The bank staff was thoroughly reoriented accordingly. The Central Government later gave target oriented directions to the banks for providing financial assistance to the priority sector, specifically the agriculture sector. The Indian Institute of Bankers did not lag behind. It rose to the occasion by introducing a new subject of rural economics under the new syllabus which broadly covers all relative aspects vi of agriculture financing and the related people. The sybllabus calls for a thorough knowledge of the rural areas, their prob-lems, their profession and the measures taken or being taken by the government and the financing institutions. The present work attempts in providing detailed information on the rural economics in a simple manner. To make the subject more intelligible to the readers, effort has been made to keep the book devoid of technicalities and complexities. It has also been kept in mind that the bank employees who are generally busy may not have plenty of time to go through the voluminous books available on the subject. Accordingly this is an attempt in puting point of views straight avoiding lengthy and irrelevant information. Since this book is not a research work, authors do not claim any originality or innovation. Suggestions from the readers for the improvement are welcome.
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