From Devotion to Total Surrender: Saranagati Yoga (In the Light of Indian Philosophy)

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Item Code: NAD375
Publisher: D. K. Printworld Pvt. Ltd.
Author: T. K. Sribhashyam
Language: English
Edition: 2012
ISBN: 8124606374
Pages: 374
Cover: Paperback
Other Details 8.5 inch X 5.5 inch
Weight 530 gm
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Book Description
About The Book

The volume is a comprehensive work on bhakti yoga or bhakti marga, seen as the direct path to perfection, the principal means to the progressive perfection of the soul.

The book begins with a detailed study of the origin of bhakti in the Vedas and its understanding in the Brahmanas, Aranyakas, the Upanisads and the Puränas, and other works. It attempts to approach bhakti representation of God in the created world and devotion without religious convictions. It throws light on mans need to develop such devotion through absolute self-surrender to God. The bhakti concept in Vedanta is explored In-depth by referring to Vedanta schools of Adi añkara, Bhäskara Bhatta, Rämanuja, Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the Alvar Saints of south India and the concept of devotion of Arial. Quoting from the thoughts of diverse bhakti saints of India, it explores the bhakti devotion in civism referring to Jiva as the Supreme God and the concept of akin, aspects relating to moral responsibilities, bondage and liberation, and the doctrine of Satstha. The emphasis is on Ramanuja’s teachings on bhakti: his understanding of the Absolute, jnana and consciousness, jiva and atm7, time and spiritual consciousness. There is a chapter that provides a practical approach to bhakti thought, for instance, ways of developing consciousness of it and non-meditative forms of bhakti.

Mr. T.K. Sribhashyam, son of Shri T. Krishnamacharya, obtained his Masters degree in accountancy as well basin Hindu philosophy. He also received intensive lessons on yoga philosophy, and Indian psychology. He is the Head of all Yogakshemam schools in Europe. Two of his books in English viz. Blissful Experience, Bhakti - - Quintessence of Indian Philosophy and Way to Liberation — an Itinerary in Indian Philosophy have appeared from India in 2012.

Mrs. Alamelu Sheshadri, second daughter of Shri T. Krishnamacharya, is graduated from Mysore University. Shri T. Krishnamacharya initiated her to Yajurveda, taught her all major Upanisads, Brahmasutras and the Bhagavad-Gtta in the, traditional way. He also trained her in yoga, both practically and philosophically. From 1985 until 1989 she continued studying many philosophical subjects, especially Viitadvaita.

 

Preface

We meditate on that Supreme One, who has the neck and face of a horse, who has a radiant, blemish-free crystal body, who is the embodiment of Divine Knowledge and Bliss, and who is the support of all branches of learning.

An invocation to Lord Hayagriva,

— the God of knowledge and wisdom

WORLDLY comforts and pleasures are not the means of happiness. Today we have in plenty all the needs of comfort and happiness, far more than our ancestors had. Yet, we are not better off than generations before. Even though the means of happiness have increased manifold over the century, our happiness has not increased. Our ancestors were happy, not because they had more objects of pleasure or fewer causes of trouble, but because they could preserve the steadiness of their mind, which gave them peace, contentment and happiness.

Devotion is not developed in one day. It takes several years to cultivate it, which would make God dwell in our heart. Even if it appears difficult to kindle and nurture, it is the one quality any human being can acquire. Sex, creed, language, nationality, profession, poverty, wealth, nothing will stand in the way of human being developing this emotion by which he can make his heart the abode of God.

There are different categories of devotees who gained liberation. Some gained it through worshipping their spiritual master, others through worship and service to devotees, yet others through pilgrimage, some others through the worship of divine representation, and still others through reading sacred God does not look into the act, but into the love behind it. He does not go by the acts but looks into the hearts of the devotees texts. But they all had one device in common: the path of love. And finds out that the love throbbing in them was the same, no more, no less.

Man’s highest duty in life is to practice devotion to the Supreme, by whatever name one may call. All are eligible to practice devotion; the only qualification is an unfailing faith in Him. God is same to all, and he who takes refuge in Him, gets Him, while he who keeps aloof, excludes himself from God.

One who knows the itinerary can guide us in the right direction to reach the destination. Our father, Sri T. Krishnamacharya, infused Bhakti in his children and in his disciples from the beginning of their studies under him. His grace and God’s blessings have helped us to undertake this work. It is our sincere hope and the earnest prayer that it will lead the readers on their path of bhakti to know the Supreme.

In the name of God, we dedicate this work to all travelers on the path of bhakti to know the Supreme Being.

In a work on Hinduism, it is unavoidable to use Sanskrit terms. The use of such terms has been minimized and the nearest English equivalent is given. An exhaustive glossary is appended. This work does fall short of the degree of excellence that it might have attained for which we request a comprehensive indulgence from the readers.

We offer our sincere gratitude to Cornelia Hayed from Germany for the sincere interest she has taken in our writings, going through the entire work, offering useful and valuable comments and thus helping in completing the work.

We owe our recognition to Shri Susheel K. Mittal of D.K. Print world, who took a personal interest in publishing this book.

Without his encouraging supports perhaps, this edition would We also owe our sincere thanks to all our well-wishers who helped us, in one way or the other, in making this book come to not have appeared.

We also owe our sincere thanks to all our well-wishers who helped us, in one way or the other, in making this book come to the light.

Let Peace and Harmony belong to the readers.

Oh! Almighty, from the death lead me to immortality.

 

Contents

 

  Life Sketch of Sri T Krishnamachar vii
  Genealogy xi
  Benediction by Sri B.K.S. Iyengar xiii
  Preface xv
  Presentation xix
  List of Tables and Figures xxvii
1 Dawn Of Bhakti 1
  Origion of Bhakti in Vedas 4
  Bhakti in the Brãhmanas 11
  Vedas, Brãhanas and their Philosophy 12
  Bhakti in the Aranyakas 15
  Bhakti in the Upanishads 21
  The Concept of Bhakti in the Purnas 31
  Great Devotees of the Purãnas 37
  Prahläda 37
  Gajendra 38
  Dgryva 38
  Hanuman 40
  Bhisma 42
  Draupadi  
  Representation of God in the Created World 43
  Sandilya’s and Nãrada’s Aphorisms on Bhakti 44
  Sandilya’s View on Bhakti 46
  Närada’s View on Bhakti 50
  Añjaneya’s Devotion 55
  Devotion in Patañjali’s Yoga-Sutra 60
  Devotion Without Religious Convictions 62
2 Way To Develop Devotion 63
  Man’s Need to Develop Devotion 66
  Vnstadvajta Vedanta Point of View 67
  Developing Devotion 1’ 69
  Developing Devotion in Absence 72
  of a Spiritual Education 77
  Absolute Self-surrender to God, Prapatti 79
3 Concept of Bhakti In Vedanta 87
  Bhaktj in Vedanta 87
  Bhakti in Vedanta Schools 96
  Adi añkara 96
  Bhäskara Bhatta 101
  Ramánuja: Bhakti and Prapatti 102
  Bhedabheda, Dvaitädvaita of Nimbrka 108
  Dualism, Dvaita of Madhva 110
  Suddhdvaita, Pure Non-Dualism of Vallabha 112
  Caitanya Mahaprabhu 114
  The Alvärs (South Indian Vaisnava Saints) 116
  Andal’s Concept of Devotion 120
4 Bhakti In Saivism 123
  Introduction 123
  Devotion in aivism aiva Agama 124
  Saiva Agama 126
  Siva, the Supreme 126
  The Concept of Bhakti in Kämir aivism 128
  The Concept of Bhakti in Siva Mahapuralta 129
  Moral Responsibilities 130
  Concept of Bhakti 132
  Siva Philosophy in Vayaviya Sathhitã 133
  The Supreme Soul 135
  Bondage and liberation 136
  The Four Means to attain the Supreme 136
  Specificity in the Viraaiva Practice of Devotion 137
  Righteousness in aivism, Siva Dharma 139
  Moral virtues of a Devotee 140
  Dhyana 140
  The Doctrine of Sa-sthala 142
5 Chosen Deity, Ista Devata 146
  Spiritual Ideal 146
  Devatã 151
  Deity in Vedic Religion 152
  Deity Worship 159
  Chosen Deity, Isa Devata 162
  Role of Chosen Deity in Devotion 177
  The Universal Validity of Choosing a Deity 183
6 Ramanuja’s Teaching Of Bhakti 193
  A Résumé of the Concept of Viiadvaita 193
  God, Brahma and Brahman 193
  The Absolute, Parabrahman 194
  Ramnuja’s view 195
  The Relation Between God and the Human Body 197
  Religion and Philosophy 200
  Jnana, Consciousness 201
  Jiva and Atma 202
  Three Grades of Jiva 202
  Time (Kala) 204
  Spiritual Consciousness (uddha Sattva) 204
  The Universality of Rämanuja’s Teaching 206
  Ramanuja’s Influence on Bhakti in India 210
  The Bhakti movement in North India 211
7 Practical Approach To Devotion 214
  Consciousness of Devotion 215
  Developing Devotion 217
  Means of Developing Devotion 224
  Subsidiary Means 228
  The Concept of Purity in Devotion 231
  The Concept of Purity in Bhagavad-Gita 238
  Concept of Purity in Yoga-Sutra 242
  Concentration, Contemplation and Meditation in Devotion 245
  Concentration 246
  Contemplation 252
  Meditation 254
  Means to Different Stages of Devotion 275
  Precondition to Devotion 283
  Devotion as a means 287
  Obstacles to Devotion 289
  Ramänuja’s Indications for Devotional Exercises 290
  Devotion and Self-surrender 298
  Non-meditative Forms of Bhakti 301
  Ramanuja’s Guidelines 302
  Glossary 305
  Bibliography 333
  Index 339

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