Preface
This third and final volume of Study of Patañjali Yog Sūtras contains Vibhūti and Kaivalya Päda of Yog Sūtras. The last three Angas of Astanga Yog find place at the beginning of Vibhūti Päda. Then concept of Samyama gets defined which is unified structure of Dharaņā, Dhyana and Samadhi. The Aştänga Yog has three tiers viz. external aspects of limbs, internal aspects of limbs and core aspect of Aştänga Yog. Then comes awesome topic of Citta Pariņāma in Samādhi. This is followed by Prakrti Pariņāma in creation. This is a topic of metaphysics. There is delineation on Dharmas and Dharmi which is again a topic of metaphysics. Then commences topic of Yog Siddhis. These are either Jñánarūpa Siddhis or Kriyārūpa Siddhis. These as astonishing powers which Samadhi - attained Yogis get. Commonly these are miracles and superhuman powers of Yogi in what all he does and what all he knows. This passage is fascinating and mind boggling. But more importantly Patañjali explains rationale reasoning and metaphysical logic behind these miraculous powers. The concept of twilight before raise of culminative knowledge is indeed interesting. The final attainment in form of Kaivalya too gets included here. The Kaivalya Pada mentions that such Siddhis can be attained by extra-Yogika processes too whereby we come across miracle men although not Yogis. These are extra-Yogika means of Siddhis. But Yogika process score over same powers in domain of Karma. Patanjali also allocates more Sütras on refuting momentarists, nihilists, panpsychists to reinforce the stand of Astikas. Then comes fascinating mention of process of Kaivalya. The first part of the book contains 55 chapters to deal with Vibhūti Pada and second part contains 34 chapters of Kaivalya Päda. Patañjali describes various dimensions of Kaivalya in different Sūtras. First mention happens in Samādhi Pada last Sūtra. Rtambharā Prajñā and Adhyatma Prasada culminates in Kaivalya (Sūtra 1/51). Second mention comes in Sūtra 2/25 saying that end of Avidyā ends conjunction of seer and seen and that is Kaivalya. And, he says Vivekakhyāti. Third time, the definition comes in 3/50 which says that renouncing the supreme Siddhi results in end of Doşa-Bīja Kşaya. And that indeed is Kaivalya. Then comes penultimate mention in 3/55. It says purity-parity in Buddhisattva and Puruşa is Kaivalya. Thus Patañjali gives profound treatment to Kaivalya. I finally need to gratefully mention names of people who assisted me. Sandhya Biria, Patxi Lizardi and Vrishali Prabhavalkar to type of the matter on computer. Firooza from Mumbai did the initial editing. Vrishali Prabhavalkar dedicatedly laboured to turn of final edition, graphics, diacritics and press copy. Mr. Dixit for graphics and Indesigning. And Śrī Deepak Marathe to produce the book. Finally the greater grace of Amma, Anna and ॐ.
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